Understanding Your Liver Test Results

Understanding Your Liver Test Results

If you have recently received blood test results showing abnormal liver enzymes, you are probably feeling worried and confused. Do not panic – you are not alone, and abnormal results do not always mean something serious is wrong.

Every year, thousands of people across the UK receive liver test results that fall outside the normal range. Whilst this can be concerning, understanding what these numbers mean is the first step towards taking control of your liver health.

What Are Liver Enzymes?

Your liver is like a busy factory, working around the clock to keep your body healthy. Liver enzymes are special proteins that help your liver do its job – breaking down toxins, processing nutrients, and producing essential substances your body needs.

The main liver enzymes doctors look for include:

  • ALT (Alanine Transaminase) – Often called the liver’s ‘signature enzyme’ because it is found mainly in liver cells. When liver cells are damaged, ALT leaks into your bloodstream.

  • AST (Aspartate Transaminase) – Found in your liver, heart, and muscles. Elevated levels can indicate liver damage, but other conditions might also cause increases.

  • ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) – Present in your liver, bones, and bile ducts. High levels might suggest problems with bile flow or liver function.

  • GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase) – Very sensitive to liver changes, especially those caused by alcohol or certain medications. It can also be indicative of a problem with the bile flow.

What Do Normal Ranges Look Like?

Normal liver enzyme levels can vary slightly between laboratories, but here are typical ranges used across the UK: 

  1. ALT: 10-50 units per litre
  2. AST: 0-37 units per litre
  3. ALP: 35-129 units per litre
  4. GGT: 6-71 units per litre

Remember, these are general guidelines. Your age, gender, and individual health factors can influence what is normal for you.

Concerned About Your Results?

If your liver enzyme levels are outside the normal range, do not wait and worry. Our liver specialists can explain your results in plain English and create a personalised plan for your health.

Book a consultation today – we’ll contact you within 24 hours.

Common Causes of Abnormal Liver Enzymes

Discovering your liver enzymes are elevated does not automatically mean you have serious liver disease. Many factors can cause temporary or mild increases:

Lifestyle Factors

  • Alcohol consumption – Even moderate drinking can affect enzyme levels
  • Obesity – Extra weight can lead to fatty liver disease
  • Poor diet – High-fat, high-sugar foods put strain on your liver
  • Lack of exercise – Physical inactivity may lead to fat building up in your liver

Medical Causes

  • Medications – many medications may rarely cause a liver reaction, including commonly used medications, such as antibiotics and painkillers
  • Viral infections – Including hepatitis A, B, or C
  • Autoimmune conditions – Where your immune system attacks healthy liver cells
  • Genetic conditions – Some people inherit conditions affecting liver function

Temporary Factors

  • Recent illness or infection
  • Intense exercise – Can temporarily raise AST levels
  • Recent surgery or injury

When Should You Be Concerned?

Not all abnormal results require immediate action, but certain patterns need prompt attention:

Seek urgent medical advice if:

  • Your enzyme levels are significantly abnormal or persistently abnormal
  • You have symptoms like yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)
  • You experience severe abdominal pain
  • You have dark urine or pale stools
  • You feel unusually tired or unwell

Schedule a routine follow-up if:

  • Your levels are mildly elevated
  • You have no concerning symptoms
  • This is your first abnormal result

What Happens Next?

If your liver enzymes are abnormal, your GP might:

  1. Repeat the test – Sometimes results are temporarily elevated
  2. Review your medications – Some drugs can affect liver function
  3. Order additional tests – Including hepatitis screening or ultrasound scan
  4. Refer you to a specialist – For further investigation and management

Understanding Your Symptoms

Many people with liver problems do not experience symptoms in the early stages. However, some signs might indicate liver issues:

  • Persistent fatigue
  • Loss of appetite
  • Nausea or feeling sick
  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Itchy skin

Remember, these symptoms can have many causes, and having them does not necessarily mean you have liver disease

Expert Liver Care When You Need It

Our experienced liver specialists understand how worrying abnormal test results can be. We provide clear explanations, thorough investigations, and personalised treatment plans.

Don’t let uncertainty affect your peace of mind. Contact us today.

Taking Control of Your Liver Health

Whilst waiting for follow-up appointments or test results, there are positive steps you can take:

Immediate Actions

  • Reduce alcohol intake – Even temporarily
  • Review medications – Check with your pharmacist about liver effects
  • Eat healthily – Focus on fresh fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins

Longer-term Changes

  • Maintain a healthy weight – Weight loss can improve your liver health if you are overweight or have been diagnosed with fat in the liver
  • Exercise regularly – Aim for 150 minutes of moderate activity weekly
  • Get vaccinated – Protect yourself against hepatitis A and B
  • Practise safe behaviours – Avoid sharing needles or unprotected sex

The Importance of Early Action

Here’s the encouraging news: liver disease is often preventable and treatable when identified early. Your liver has an amazing ability to repair itself when given the chance.

Studies show that 90% of liver disease is preventable through lifestyle changes and early intervention. By taking action now, you are giving your liver the best chance to stay healthy.

When to See a Liver Specialist

Consider seeing a liver specialist if:

  • Your enzyme levels remain elevated after repeat testing
  • You have risk factors for liver disease
  • Your GP recommends specialist referral
  • You are worried about your liver health
  • You want expert advice on prevention

A liver specialist can provide detailed analysis of your results, arrange appropriate investigations, and create a personalised plan for your liver health.

Moving Forward with Confidence

Receiving abnormal liver test results can feel overwhelming, but remember – this is often the first step towards better health. Many people go on to have completely normal liver function after appropriate treatment and lifestyle changes.

The key is not to ignore the results or worry unnecessarily, but to take appropriate action. Whether that’s lifestyle changes, further testing, or specialist consultation and treatment, taking control now gives you the best chance of maintaining good liver health for years to come.

Your liver works hard for you every day. Now it might be time to return the favour by giving it the attention and care it deserves.

 

Get Expert Answers to Your Questions

Don’t let abnormal liver test results keep you awake at night. Our liver specialists provide clear, honest explanations and practical solutions tailored to your individual situation.

Take the first step towards peace of mind – book your consultation today.